Spindle gear change (M40 - M45)

A spindle gear change is programmed with M40...M45. These M functions define max. 6 gear stages. A separate gear data record must be parameterised for each gear stage in the associated spindle axis list [AXIS].

The M functions can be programmed together with the spindle speed and the M function for the direction of rotation in the same NC block. Functions M40 to M45 are used to select the gear stage and to trigger mechanical gear change.

Programing Example

Spindle gear change (M40 - M45)

S800 M41 M03 ;Spindle speed 800, gear stage 2, rotation cw

• The decoded functions M40 to M45 are modal and are activated at block start. M40 to M45 cancel each other out.
• The system permits definition of max. 6 spindle gear stages (M40... M45). The minimum and maximum speeds are defined for each gear stage in a "Table of speed stages" in [1]-4 (unit = rpm).
• The maximum speed for the 10 V output in the case of position-controlled spindles is defined for analogue drives via the Multi-Gain Factors P-AXIS-00128 and P-CHAN-00129..
• In a system with automatic gear stage selection, this is determined solely by programming the speed S. M40 to M45 then do not need to be programmed.
• M40 to M45 can only be programmed for closed-loop position-controlled spindles.
• The NC kernel always attempts to minimise gear changing (for example, if a new speed can be used with the current gear stage, a gear change is suppressed even if it was explicitly programmed with M40 to M45).

Channel parameter list [1]:

• Definition of M functions M40 - M45 and definition of synchronisation modes.

:

m_synch[1]         0x00000001         MOS

m_synch[2]         0x00000002         MVS_SVS

:

m_synch[40]        0x00000002         MVS_SVS

m_synch[41]        0x00000002         MVS_SVS

m_synch[42]        0x00000002         MVS_SVS

m_synch[43]        0x00000002         MVS_SVS

m_synch[44]        0x00000002         MVS_SVS

m_synch[45]        0x00000002         MVS_SVS

m_synch[48]        0x00000008         MNS_SNS

m_synch[49]        0x00000002         MVS_SVS

• Activate gear change:

main_spindle_gear_change   1     0:OFF        1:ON

• Parameterise the spindle gear (search direction, speed ranges):

:

spindel[0].range_way       0     0:bottom up   1: top down

#

spindel[0].range_table[0].min_speed      50      (M40)

spindel[0].range_table[0].max_speed      560     (M40)

spindel[0].range_table[1].min_speed      400              (M41)

spindel[0].range_table[1].max_speed      800              (M41)

spindel[0].range_table[2].min_speed      700     (M42)

spindel[0].range_table[2].max_speed      3500    (M42)

spindel[0].range_table[3].min_speed      3501             (M43)

spindel[0].range_table[3].max_speed      4000             (M43)

spindel[0].range_table[4].min_speed      3800    (M44)

spindel[0].range_table[4].max_speed      5500    (M44)

spindel[0].range_table[5].min_speed      5400             (M45)

spindel[0].range_table[5].max_speed      7000             (M45)

#

:

Programing Example

Spindle gear change (M40 - M45)

Automatic determination of the gear stage: ON

:

spindel[0].autom_range 1

:

NC program:

S650 M03                   OK, M41⇒ PLC

S750                       OK, no change, M41 already selected

S950                       OK, automatic change, M42=> PLC

S1050                      OK, no change, M42 already selected

S750                       OK, automatic change, M41=> PLC

S500                       OK, no change, M41 already selected    

S8000                      Error, speed too high

A programmed gear stage is always checked:

M41 S750                   OK, "automatic" change, M41=> PLC

...but

M40 S750                   Error, incorrect gear stage

Programing Example

Spindle gear change (M40 - M45)

Automatic determination of the gear stage: OFF

:

spindel[0].autom_range 0

:

NC program:

M41 S650 M03                OK, M41 => PLC

M41 S750                    OK, no change, M41 already selected

M42 S950       OK, change, M42=> PLC

M42 S1050      OK, no change, M41 already selected

M41 S750       OK, change, M41=> PLC

M41 S500                    OK, no change, M41 already selected

M41 S200 Error, program different gear stage (M40)

S950       Error, no gear stage (M42) programmed